Process of producing veneers



.'May 26, 1931. F. OVENHAUSEN 1,807,251

PROCESS OF PRODUCING VENEERS Filed Jan. 6, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. 1

8 1931- 1 F. OVENHAUSEN 1,807,251

v PROCESS OF I RODUCING VENEERS Filed Jan. 6, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 26, 1931 UNITED STATES FRANZ OVENHAUSEN, OF STEINHEIM, GERMANY PROCESS OF PRODUCING VENEERS Application filed January 6, 1928, Serial No. 245,018, and in Germany May 26, 1926.

The invention relates to the process of'producing veneers and to the veneer produced by said process and essentially consists therein, that the peeling off of spiral shaped t veneers from the point of a work piece with the aid of a knife or cutter in an inclined position to the axis of the work-piece, which is relatively movable in the direction of the latter. Preferably the work-piece feeds by its own weight in its direction of axis in contra-distinction to one or several knives or cutters not movable in this direction, whilst the knife or knives describe a rotary movement round the axis of the workpiece. The

work-piece can preferably deposit the peeled ofi veneer upon a table situated below the cutting-device being capable of being-turned by hand or better still automatically at a speed which conforms to thecutting-speed. This 80 is especially suitably effected, if the workpiece is made to point in a downward direction.

The angle of the edge of the cutter is preferably such that the length of the generatrix 95 of the cone to be peeled off essentially amounts to an entire multiple of the length of the radius of the base of the cone. The ratio of the length of the generatrix of the point to be peeled off to the radius of the base of the point suitably amounts to 3 or more: 1. The extreme point of the work-piece is suitably either specially cut off or the design of the knife is such, that it causes the extreme point of the work-piece to be cut to assume a round shape with the result that the cut veneer shows no parts in the middle which may prove a hindrance. This may be attained with the aid of a correspondingly profiled knife or cutter, as for example a curved knife or cutter. When using a curved knife or cutter the veneer deposited upon the table is preferably subjected subsequently to a corresponding pressure in order to cause the bent veneer to assume a flat shape.

The invention has been illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a view of a device for carrying out the process in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 1a is a section along the line a-?) of Fig. 1, together with a view upon a clamping device seen from above.

Fig. 2 is a view of a knife-carrier,

Fig. 3 a section along the line 0-1! of Fig. 2,

F ig. l a section along the line 6- ofFig. 3,

Fig. 5 illustrates the cutting-process,

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 represent different shapes of points of work-piece,

Fig. 9 shows a few forms which the cut veneers may assume when using knives or cutters of varying profile.

In the drawings 1 represents three rods which are held together with the aid of a plate 1a and a bevelled gear-wheel 1b. Along these rods rings 2 slide and are provided with holders 2a capable of holding or supporting a trunk or work-piece. 3 represents a knife-carrier supporting one or several knives and encompassing the workpiece as like a funnel, 4 illustrates a cut veneer, 5 a knife or cutter intended to cut off the bark of the work-piece a; and also tozcut down the work-piece to a uniform cylindrical shape. The rings 2 together with the trunk in feed by gravity towards the knifecarrier. 6 is a table upon which the veneer is deposited, 7 a gear-wheel transmission which is actuated through the medium of the motor 7a and causes the gear-wheel 1b and the table 6 to revolve in such way, that the speed of the table is adapted to the general inclination of the cutting knife to the workpiece.

According to Fig. 3 the knife-carrier 3 has been provided with two knives 8a, 8b. This is for the following purpose: In case of using a curved knife the Veneer cut from the work-piece does not obtain a uniform thickness throughout its breadth when the workpiece and the curved knife are moved while cutting relatively to each other in a direction corresponding with the axis of the workpiece but will adopt a cross'section of unequal thickness as shown for example in Fig. 5. In using a single knife only the veneer will change at its difiFe-rent parts for example in a manner shown in Fig. 5 on the left hand side; so that the veneer will have a cross section composed from the cross section of the part owing to its positionstaggered to-the posi-- tionof the knife 86 in the direction of the axis of the work-piece which both have 1 identical cutting edges firstly cuts off strips with cross sections according to the parts 9a, 9b, before the second knife 86 cuts off the remaining strip of uniform thickness accordmg to the section 10. If the knives are straight as per Fig. 8 it will be obvious that v a flat veneer uniformly thick will be obtained, I a curved knife or cutter in accordance with cone to be peeled off su Figs. 2-5 renders it veneers which are free IOIII'POI'tlOIlS in the middle overlapping each other, because the points of the work-piece have in this instance been rounded off. In case of an absolutely conical surface it is requisite to cut off the point for the purpose of-obviating an overlapping of the portions cut at the point of the work-piece.

In regard to the inclination of the knife to the radlus of the base of the point of the work-piece to be cut it should be noted that this may be of a somewhat differing shape. A completely cut wooden veneer will always be sub ect to certain amount of shrinkage, owing to the moisture still contained therein. This shrinkage may be immediately duly considered. This may be effected by taking the generatrix a little smaller than a whole multiple of the radius of the base of the core. After the shrinkage the spread out veneer will then contain the grain of the workpiece in a complete multiple.

1. In a process for the production of veneers, the peeling-off of a spiral shaped veneer strip with the aid of a knife or cutter from a conicalwork-piece, said knife being inclined across the axis of the work-piece with the length of the neratrix of the full stantially a multiple of the length of the radius of the base of said cone, and relatively moving the work-piece and lmife axially. 1 2. In a process according towclaim 1, feeding the work-piece in itsaxial direction, the

knife being stationary.

3. .In -a process in accordance with claim 1, the rotating of the knife and feeding of the work-piece in its axial direction.

4. In a process in accordance with claim 1, feeding the work-piece axially. r

5. In a process in accordance with claim 1, inclining the knife to the work-piece in such a manner that the length of the generatrix of the cone to be peeled ofl substantially amounts to an entire multi 1e of the length of the radius of the base 0 thecone at leas? 3 1. 3

6. Ina process in accordance with claim 1, the i'nterspersing in the work-piece with rodossible to produce vertically feeding the work-piece downwards in its axial direction with relation to theknife and depositing the peeled-01f veneer upon a table disposed below the knife and rotating substantially in synchronism with the cutting speed.

9. In a process for the production of veneersin accordance with claim 1, preliminarily reducing the work-piece to a uniform diameter as it is fed toward veneer cutting knife;

10. In a process in accordance with claim 1, the employment of a profiled knife giving the point of the work-piece a rounded shape at the apex of the cone. I,

' 11.. In a process in accordance with claim 1, the employment of two curved knives, the first of which cuts said veneer and the second cuts off those parts of the work-piece that would give to the veneer an unequal thickness by reason of the first knife cuttin a thinner veneer at portions of its edge di fering in angularity to the axis of the workpiece.

12. In a process in accordance with claim 1, the employment of two curved knives, the first of which cuts said veneer and the second cuttin" ofl those parts of the work-piece giving to the veneer an unequal thickness b reason of the difi'erence in inclination of di 1 ferent portions of the edge of the first knife to the axis of the work-piece, and subsequentl flattening out the veneer.

13. n a process for the production of veneers, the peeling-01f of a spiral shaped veneer from the oblique plane of a work-piece by a knife or cutter so inclined to the axis of the work-piece that the length of the generatrix of the full cone is substantially an entire multiple of the length of the radius of the base ofsaid cone and continuall removing the extreme point of the conica end of the work-piece to prevent overlapping of the veneer at its center after it is cut.

14. In a machine for producing veneers, a knife adapted to cut a veneer from a conical end of a work-piece, the cutting edge of the knife being placed in a substantially oblique each other in the direction of the axis'of said cone,-and a table arranged below said knife to receive the cut veneer.

15. In a machine according to Elaim 14, a rotatable holder for the work-piece and means for holdin .the knife stationa in the machine, said said rotatable holder.

ife being arrange beneath the g 16. In a machine for producing veneers, a stationary knife to cut a veneer from a conical end of a work-piece, the cutting edge of the knife being in a substantially oblique position to the axis of the said cone and excal work-piece, the cutting ed e of the knife being in a substantially ob ique position across the axis of the cone and extending to the apex of said cone, a gravity-fed rotatable holder forthe said work-piece, said knife being arranged beneath the said rotatable holder, and a rotatable table below the said knife, the relative rotation of the holder and of the table depending on the degree of inclination of the cutting edge of the knife to the axis of the cone.

18. In a machine for producing veneers, a curved knife adapted to cut a veneer from a conical work-piece, the cutting edge of the curved knife being placed in a substantially oblique position across the axis of the cone and extending the full length of the cone, means to feed the said cone and the curved knife relatively to each other in the direction of the axis of the cone, and a rotatable table arranged below said knife to receive the said veneer.

19. In a machine according to claim 18, said knife having a portion extending beyond the apex of the cone.

20. In a machine according to claim 18, a second curved knife to cut off 'those parts of the work-piece which would give to the veneer an unequal thickness caused by the fact that the said first knife cuts a thinner veneer with that part of its edge having a 7 more acute angle to the axis of the Workpiece than other parts of the edge.

21. The method of cutting veneer, which 1 comprises vertically feeding a work-piece to a pair of cutter blades having sinuous cutting edges inclined across the axis of the work-piece, and shapingthe work by one of said blades to permit the other blade to peel a sheet of uniform thickness.

In testimony whereof I afiix m signature.

- FRANZ OVEN AUSEN. 

